Tilting disc valves
Tilting disc variety prosthetic valves (Hall-Kaster left and Bjork-Shiley right). These valves tilt into the left ventricle in diastole. These are older types but demonstrate the principles of tilting discs with lesser (smaller) and greater (larger) orifices.
Ball-cage valves
Ball-cage type prostheses (Starr-Edwards types). These have a cage that extends into the left ventricle and the ball moves up and down. The cage is comprised of struts which hold the moving ball. On the left is an older, silastic ball type.
Bi-leaflet valve
Bi-leaflet prostheses are now common for mitral valve replacement. Two leaflets tilt toward the left ventricle in diastole, creating three actual orifices.
Porcine heterograft valve
A porcine heterograft where porcine aortic valve leaflets are suspended from stents covered with a woven material.
Mitral ring
A mitral valve ring shown in place after a mitral valve repair. Note the anterior and posterior mitral leaflets. The posterior has a suture line from a quadralateral resection.
